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The Geographical Pivot of History, sometimes simply as The Pivot of History is a geostrategic theory, also known as Heartland Theory.〔Charles Kruszewski, "(The Pivot of History )", ''Foreign Affairs'', April 1954〕 "The Geographical Pivot of History" was an article submitted by Halford John Mackinder in 1904 to the Royal Geographical Society that advanced his Heartland Theory.〔Mackinder, H.J., "(The Geographical Pivot of History )", ''The Geographical Society'', Vol. 23, No.4, (April 1904), 421-437〕〔Mackinder, H.J., ''(Democratic Ideals and Reality. A Study in the Politics of Reconstruction )'', National Defense University Press, 1996, pp. 175–193〕 In this article, Mackinder extended the scope of geopolitical analysis to encompass the entire globe. ==The World-Island and the Heartland== According to Mackinder, the Earth's land surface was divisible into: *The World-Island, comprising the interlinked continents of Europe, Asia, and Africa. This was the largest, most populous, and richest of all possible land combinations. *The offshore islands, including the British Isles and the islands of Japan. *The outlying islands, including the continents of North America, South America, and Australia. The Heartland lay at the centre of the world island, stretching from the Volga to the Yangtze and from the Himalayas to the Arctic. Mackinder's Heartland was the area then ruled by the Russian Empire and after that by the Soviet Union, minus the Kamchatka Peninsula region. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Geographical Pivot of History」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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